Canada uses country code +1 as a member of the North American Numbering Plan. A Canadian geographic number contains a three-digit area code followed by a seven-digit local number. Because +1 is shared with the United States and several Caribbean and Atlantic jurisdictions, the area code—not +1 alone—is needed to identify a Canadian numbering region.
The examples show a national format and the corresponding international plus format. Actual subscriber lengths can vary where noted.
| Country calling code | +1 |
|---|---|
| Domestic trunk prefix | 1 where required for domestic long distance |
| International access | 011 |
| Domestic example | 416-555-0123 |
| International example | +1 416 555 0123 |
| Time zone | Canada spans Newfoundland, Atlantic, Eastern, Central, Mountain and Pacific time zones, with regional exceptions |
| Numbering authority | Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) |
| Directory coverage | Selected major geographic fixed-line codes and cities |
| Last checked |
+1 is also used by the United States and other North American Numbering Plan countries and territories. Later digits and the complete number are required to interpret an allocation; the country code alone does not prove a caller’s location.
Several active area codes can cover the same territory. Ten-digit local dialling is required in the featured overlay regions, and the original code does not identify a more precise location.
20 carefully selected geographic or fixed-line codes. This is a priority directory, not a claim of exhaustive coverage.
| Major city | Domestic code | International | Published coverage |
|---|---|---|---|
| TorontoOntario | 416 | +1 416 | City of Toronto |
| TorontoOntario | 647 | +1 647 | Distributed overlay for the City of Toronto |
| MontréalQuébec | 514 | +1 514 | Montréal Island |
| MontréalQuébec | 438 | +1 438 | Distributed overlay for Montréal Island |
| VancouverBritish Columbia | 604 | +1 604 | Southwestern British Columbia, principally Metro Vancouver and the Lower Mainland |
| VancouverBritish Columbia | 778 | +1 778 | Distributed overlay available across British Columbia |
| CalgaryAlberta | 403 | +1 403 | Southern Alberta |
| CalgaryAlberta | 587 | +1 587 | Distributed overlay available across Alberta |
| EdmontonAlberta | 780 | +1 780 | Northern Alberta |
| OttawaOntario | 613 | +1 613 | Eastern Ontario |
| OttawaOntario | 343 | +1 343 | Distributed overlay for Eastern Ontario |
| MississaugaOntario | 905 | +1 905 | Southern Ontario around Toronto, including the Golden Horseshoe |
| MississaugaOntario | 289 | +1 289 | Distributed overlay for the 905 Southern Ontario region |
| LondonOntario | 519 | +1 519 | Southwestern Ontario |
| Québec CityQuébec | 418 | +1 418 | Eastern and northeastern Québec |
| LavalQuébec | 450 | +1 450 | Communities surrounding Montréal, including Laval, Montérégie, Laurentides and Lanaudière |
| GatineauQuébec | 819 | +1 819 | Western and northern Québec |
| WinnipegManitoba | 204 | +1 204 | Province of Manitoba |
| SaskatoonSaskatchewan | 306 | +1 306 | Province of Saskatchewan |
| HalifaxNova Scotia | 902 | +1 902 | Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island |
Regional pages connect the largest featured cities to their applicable codes while keeping administrative and telephone boundaries distinct.
9 featured cities; 7 linked codes.
Open regional guide →Region or state4 featured cities; 5 linked codes.
Open regional guide →Region or state2 featured cities; 3 linked codes.
Open regional guide →Region or state1 featured city; 1 linked code.
Open regional guide →Region or state2 featured cities; 2 linked codes.
Open regional guide →Region or state1 featured city; 1 linked code.
Open regional guide →Region or state1 featured city; 1 linked code.
Open regional guide →Use a city guide for domestic and international formats, regional context and important limitations.
416, 647 area codes
City guide →Québec514, 438 area codes
City guide →Alberta403, 587 area codes
City guide →Ontario613, 343 area codes
City guide →Alberta780, 587 area codes
City guide →Manitoba204 area code
City guide →British Columbia604, 778 area codes
City guide →Ontario905, 289 area codes
City guide →Ontario905, 289 area codes
City guide →Ontario905, 289 area codes
City guide →Québec418 area code
City guide →British Columbia604, 778 area codes
City guide →Québec450 area code
City guide →Nova Scotia902 area code
City guide →Ontario519 area code
City guide →Ontario905, 289 area codes
City guide →Ontario905, 289 area codes
City guide →Québec819 area code
City guide →Saskatchewan306 area code
City guide →Ontario519 area code
City guide →The North American Numbering Plan was developed in 1947, when Canada received nine original area codes. New Canadian area codes were historically introduced through regional splits, but modern relief planning uses distributed overlays. An overlay adds another area code to the same territory without changing existing numbers.
Area codes identify numbering-plan areas, not a phone’s exact or current location. Wireless service, VoIP and number portability can separate a number from the subscriber’s physical location. Most populated Canadian regions now have several overlay codes with identical coverage, so ten-digit local dialling is required.
Canada uses country calling code +1 within a numbering zone also used by the United States and other North American Numbering Plan countries and territories.
Use +1 once, followed by the complete ten-digit Canadian number. A domestic long-distance access 1, where required, is not dialled a second time.
No. It describes a numbering-plan association, while portability, forwarding and internet telephony can separate a number from the caller’s present location.